Sunday, November 11, 2012

Ninomiya House Drill

Ninomiya House organized its own fire safety drill, which was very exciting. It was combined with tips on earthquake safety, as earthquakes are also a likely cause of fire. The whole two hours were packed with activities.

First all people had to evacuate the building using stairs and safety exits, wearing protective helmets. We had to gather at a rendezvous park close-by, at which point everyone was accounted for per floor. Next was a fire fighting drill with lo and behold actual fires. The extinguishers contained water though, but the spray cans for kitchen fires seemed the real deal. The fire department showed how everything should be worked, and volunteers were actively sought to replicate each of the demonstrated actions.







"Fire!" This is the most important thing to do before actual fire fighting. Call out to your neighbors and make sure they hear you, then head in with the right equipment. Useful information was also given. As I expected, if the ceiling is on fire, run. Smoke kills 90% of people in fires, so always cover your mouth and stay low.
We were also taught how to activate emergency power generators, in case the power would fail on the weekend, and few staff would be available to help. Firetruck ladders can reach up to 40 meters, so escaping to a balcony would not be a problem. The water from the hoses however, came only about 3 stories.


Afterwards at the lecture we unexpectedly got to taste some emergency supplies. Ninomiya House has food and water available for all residents for 5 days! Now we can start to eat our own supply.


Tuesday, November 6, 2012

Changes in governance in the Netherlands

It's highly challenging to study the governance and law of a country that radically alters its form of administration and law system halfway through the study. When we go back in two years, it won't be the same country as provinces will merge to new areas (with new names?), as well as municipalities.

Governance:
  • For the long term, we have the perspective of a country made up of five parts with a closed economy and municipalities of at least one hundred thousand inhabitants. (Voor de lange termijn hebben wij het perspectief van vijf landsdelen met een gesloten huishouding en gemeenten van tenminste honderdduizend inwoners voor ogen.)
  • The provinces of North Holland, Utrecht and Flevoland are combined, and the position of the Northeast will be judged later. (De provincies Noord-Holland, Utrecht en Flevoland worden samengevoegd, waarbij over de positie van de Noordoostpolder later een beslissing valt.) [Which will be called what exactly? Who gets to decide the new names?]
  • Decentralization will basically focus on 100,000 + municipalities. (Decentralisaties zullen in principe gericht worden op 100.000+ gemeenten.)
  • The water boards will be merged with the five parts of the country. (De waterschappen worden samengevoegd met de landsdelen.)
  • Water Board elections take place on the day of the elections for provincial councils. We promote scaling up to ten or twelve boards [there are 25 at the moment]. Water boards disappear from the Constitution. (Waterschapsverkiezingen gaan plaatsvinden op de dag van de verkiezingen voor provinciale staten. We bevorderen opschaling tot tien à twaalf waterschappen. Waterschappen verdwijnen uit de Grondwet.) [Response from the Union of Water Boards in Dutch]
Nature and water management:
  • The ecological main structure plans are implemented, including the corridors, but it will take more time. For this reason we will make agreements with provinces and conservation organizations on priorities, timing and use of resources. During an assessment in 2016, we will include the effects of spatial claims.(De ecologische hoofdstructuur wordt uitgevoerd, inclusief de verbindingszones, maar we nemen er meer tijd voor. Daarom maken we afspraken met provincies en natuurbeheerorganisaties over prioriteiten, tijdpad en de inzet van middelen. Bij een evaluatie in 2016 betrekken we de effecten van planologische claims.)
  • The maintenance of the existing infrastructure for water safety gets priority in water policy. In a water safety program, the various tasks will be combined in an optimized and innovative manner. Expenditure on water safety and freshwater supply will be financed from the Delta Fund. This fund will be split off of the Infrastructure Fund in 2014. The remaining room for investment in the Infrastructure Fund and the Delta Fund until 2028 may be spent for 80% in the next cabinet period for new projects. (Het in stand houden van de bestaande infrastructuur voor waterveiligheid krijgt bij het waterbeleid prioriteit. In een programma waterveiligheid zullen de verschillende opgaven optimaal en innovatief worden gecombineerd. Uitgaven voor waterveiligheid en de zoetwatervoorziening worden gefinancierd uit het Deltafonds. Dit fonds wordt met ingang van 2014 afgesplitst van het Infrastructuurfonds. De resterende investeringsruimte in Infrastructuurfonds en Deltafonds tot 2028 kan in de komende kabinetsperiode voor 80 procent worden bestemd voor nieuwe projecten.)
  • Decisions on planning projects should be simpler and faster, so we will streamline the spatial legislation even more. In 2013, we will come up with a bill to replace among others the Law on Spatial Planning and the Water Act. (De besluitvorming over ruimtelijke projecten moet eenvoudiger en sneller, daarom stroomlijnen we de ruimtelijke wet- en regelgeving verder. In 2013 komen we met een wetsvoorstel omgevingswet ter vervanging van onder meer de wet op de ruimtelijke ordening en de waterwet.)
Something I tend to forget:
  • The Netherlands is the second largest exporter of agricultural products in the world. (Nederland is de tweede exporteur van agrarische producten ter wereld.) [The irony being this "The Netherlands exports a quarter of the worlds tomatoes and a third of its chili peppers."  More information here.]


Something not really necessary:
  • Voting from abroad will be made easier. (Stemmen vanuit het buitenland wordt makkelijker gemaakt.) [I registered by email. I got some papers to vote on. I marked my vote and sent it back. Costs: 1 stamp. Given all the other bureaucratic paperwork involved with living in another country, this was remarkably easy.]

Copied from the new governance agreement, 29 October 2012.

Wednesday, October 31, 2012

News in Japan - October

GEJET
New giant active fault blamed for 311 tsunami
Noda visits Fukushima nuclear plant
Japan tsunami gives lessons on disaster management
Japan's post-disaster growth strategy   
Pray for Japan - Video
30-km nuke safety zone may not be enough
When disaster struck Japan, Google and Twitter became tech first responders
Where Japan's rebuild cash really went
Reconstruction from Japan’s disaster
Jelawat Typhoon off Aomori Prefecture

Field Trip to GSI and NIED

Today we visited the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (still going by its old acronym of Geographical Survey Institute) and the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention. 

Having visited the GSI twice already, I had yet to experience any information in English. We received two lectures on the activities relating to disasters and a short guided tour, including of course a 3D view of Japan. New maps included an overview of all the stops of the JR line from Ushiku to Tokyo, passing by Nagareyama and showing the channel we visited earlier this month. This time I managed to find GRIPS on the current and old maps of Tokyo, as well as Hibiya park and Tokyo station.








A big highlight at NIED was the ability to make more accurate rainfall predictions than the JMA, as they use ground based radars (including mobile ones). The second impressive feature was visiting the large scale rainfall simulator. Installed in the ceiling of this mobile building are four types of water sprouts, capable of simulating up to 200 mm per hour rainfall, which was of course demonstrated. There will be an open day in April with a typhoon and earthquake simulator as well, so I am eager to return here. 







Wednesday, October 10, 2012

Field Trip to Urban Renaissance Agency

The day after Sports Day, we visited the flood management structures in Tsukuba with the new master students. This year we have 12 new students, and 1 new PhD student (so far).

The development agency responsible for the Western area of Tsukuba around station number 19 of the TX, Kenkyugakuen or Katsuragi, has a very interesting name. There is in fact nothing renaissance about the agency, and the project only becomes urban after development. However, the speed of development is impressive, considering eight different sites along the TX were developed in total. The entire project at Tsukuba was scheduled to house 25,000 people and run from 2000 to 2018, but already 70% of the development is completed.
Due to the presence of the Hasunuma river, a tributary of Yada river that flows into Ushiku lake in the South, a number of measures were taken for flood management. These included 2 regulating ponds (permanently filled with water, in the West) and 3 retarding basins (only temporarily filled with water, in the East). The retarding basins have special inlets as well as outlets, which can be seen on the photos. The new housing areas have separate rainwater sewerage, and the houses have gutters connected to this system. Parks and parking spaces have permeable areas also connected to this sewerage. It was nice to see these systems so close to home.





Monday, October 1, 2012

Tsukuba City Disaster Drill

Tsukuba City is very progressive in its disaster drills, in that it specifically invites foreigners to join actively in the drill and provides interpreters for them as well. Of course we joined, and we even ended up on the local television broadcast.

Around 30 foreigners were invited to sign up in total. After gathering at the City Hall entrance where we were greeted by interpreters, 5 people were asked to be active volunteers during the drill. The area behind City Hall, also used for fireworks festivals and other events, is actually the scheduled disaster practice area. The edges of the terrain were littered with tents and fold-able chairs for participants to relax, whether they were the fire brigade or local families. On one side information tents had been set up as well. The center proved most interesting with 3 houses and a pile of wood. Enough space was left  between the center and the tents for the longest emergency vehicles to drive around.
The program was fully packed and after the mandatory greetings, the first demonstration was debris removal.  Next was emergency hospital set up, with active involvement. Our group was called in to carry a dummy to an emergency site for revival by medical specialists, and ACCS was filming the whole setup.
Then a very exciting activity took place, as the search dogs from three different prefectures, Tokyo, Chiba and Ibaraki, were trained to find people inside a pretend collapsed house. After all three dogs confirmed the locations, the rescue team responded by cutting the house open and calling out to the 'victims' inside. If you are removed by the roof, you get extracted vertically! As soon as the people were brought to safety, the rescue team removed the house. This is to clear the imaginary streets of collapsed houses.
Around this time people got served emergency food and water, which was quite nice given the outside temperatures. 6 of the 35 sponsors included food companies or supermarkets. The cooperation with local food suppliers was very interesting. Next up was fixing gas, electricity and water supply lines.
Another drill to actively participate in was firefighting. One house fire was to be put out with a bucket line, whereas foreigners were given fire extinguishers for a second house. It was nice to practice with a real fire and real extinguisher for once, as most companies prefer to have water filled containers spraying at plasticized pictures of fire. We obtained a disaster prevention bag with a thermal blanket and other useful items.
At the information stands, we watched the simulated effects of liquefaction swallow a windmill and observed the power tools the military used to clear the streets after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. Meanwhile, the roof of the city hall was being used as a helicopter drill site. We also took a look inside the mobile disaster unit, which had everything from a toilet to a fax machine, just in case city hall had to be abandoned. We can only hope more cities have such an active disaster prevention force, and interpreters as well.